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计量经济学是经济学中专门测度结构关系的部分。计量经济学要达到它的目的,首先得试图测度一切重要的包括整个经济或其中一种工业或企业的结构关系。所有这样一系列的关系,构成有关研究领域的计量模型。靠这样一个模型就能测度某些变数或原因力的变化对整个体系的影响。并由于变数之划分力外部变数、内部变数和时间落后的内部变数,就使这个模型可以用来对整个经济、企业或工业进行动态的短期预测。第二次大战后许多西方国家的经济资料都大大充实提高了,这对于计量研究是必不可少的。在资料方面电子计算机起重大作用。它丰富了企业整理出来的内部资料,增加了利用这些资料的可能性,并加速其他经济资料的加工过程。计量经济学在方法论上的一个重大发展,是关于统计问题,即从观测到的经济体系资料求得它的数量结构方程式。计量模型除了用来帮助预测外,对经济结构知识也作出真正贡献;计量模型还可以用来对整个经济中任何结构关系问题进行更深刻的观察。
Econometrics is the part of economics that specifically measures structural relationships. To accomplish its purpose, econometrics must, above all, attempt to measure all the important structural relationships that include the economy as a whole or one of the industries or enterprises. All such series of relationships form the econometric model for the area of interest. With such a model, one can measure the impact of changes in some variables or causal forces on the entire system. And because of the variability of variables, external variables, internal variability and time-lag internal variability make this model a dynamic short-term forecast of the entire economy, firm or industry. The economic data in many Western countries after the Second World War have greatly increased, which is essential for econometric research. Computer data plays a big role in data. It enriches the internal data compiled by enterprises, increases the possibility of using such data and accelerates the processing of other economic data. A major development of methodology in econometrics is about the statistical problem of obtaining its quantitative structural equation from observed economic system data. In addition to assisting in forecasting, measurement models also make a real contribution to the knowledge of economic structure; econometric models can also be used to make a deeper observation of any structural relationship issues in the economy as a whole.