中国近代的中西文化冲突是人们共所瞩目的一个大课题,而对这一课题的深入探析,不能不上溯到晚明与清代的思想界,因为,诸多近代中西文化冲突的基本命题已在那一阶段潜生。 大致说来,自耶稣会士相率东渡,明清知识界对包括西方自然科技与基督教神学在内的“西学”持三种走向各异的姿态。 其一曰全盘受容。其代表人物为“首好其说”的晚明徐光启和李之藻。他们不仅和耶稣会士们合作,大规模的译介西方科学技术,而且相率入教,对基督教神学大加礼赞,以为西方“天学”是“补儒易佛”,“一还吾三代之隆懿”的“救世神药”。 The conflict between China and the West in the modern history of China is a major issue that people are drawing attention to. This topic can not be traced back to the late Ming and Qing dynasties because the fundamental propositions of many modern Chinese and Western cultures are in the That stage of potential. Broadly speaking, since the Jesuits moved eastward, Ming and Qing intellectuals held three different gestures of Western learning including Western natural science and Christian theology. The first one is said to be totally impaired. The representative of the “best to say” late Ming Xu Guangqi and Li Zhi algae. Not only did they cooperate with the Jesuits, translating and interpreting Western science and technology on a large scale, but they also entered the religion and greatly praised the Christian theology. They thought that the Western “heavenly science” is “Confucianism and Buddhism” and “ The Long Yi ”“ Salvation God medicine. ”