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听力损失在新生儿中的发病率较高，而听性脑干反应筛查是临床用于新生儿听力检查的重要手段，被广泛应用于新生儿临床。听性脑干反应筛查的影响因素较多，如何识别并采取相应的干预措施对降低新生儿听力筛查假阳性率有着重要意义。本研究通过文献回顾，归纳出听性脑干反应初筛通过率的影响因素，包括新生儿因素和测试因素两大类；干预措施主要包括降低新生儿皮肤阻抗值、促进患儿进入自然睡眠状态以及测试时间选择及耳道的清理等，旨在为新生儿听性脑干反应筛查提供指导。“,”The incidence of hearing loss in neonates is relatively high, and auditory brainstem response screening is an important method for clinical hearing examination of neonates, which has been widely used in clinical practice in neonates. There are many influencing factors in auditory brainstem response screening. How to identify and take corresponding intervention measures is of great significance to reduce the false positive rate of neonatal hearing screening. Through literature review, this study summarizes factors affecting the initial screening of auditory brainstem response, including neonatal factors and test factors. Intervention measures mainly include reducing neonatal skin impedance value, promoting neonates to enter a natural sleep state, selection of test time, cleaning of ear canal and other measures, so as to provide guidance for neonatal auditory brainstem response screening.