为探讨地区医院在儿童疾病综合管理（ＩＭＣＩ）中的作用，回顾分析１９９５～１９９９年住院的ｌ～５岁的肺 炎、腹泻病、营养不良、麻疹和疟疾（５种疾病）。结果显示肺炎和腹泻病分别占５种疾病的７５．５０％和２１．４７％，营养 不良虽占１．７６％，但在３４３例并发病（同时患５种疾病中的２种以上时，第２种以上为并发病）中占６７．３５％。儿内科 住院的１～５岁患儿中，急性上呼吸道感染占３０．７７％，仅次于占３６．２０％的肺炎；病死１８例，首位死因是颅内感染。５ 种疾病的患儿分别占儿内科、传染病科同期住院总人数的１５．３６％和１．９０％，儿内科住院病例占同期门。急诊总人数的 １．１６％。提示除肺炎、腹泻病和营养不良外，本地区应把急性上呼吸道感染和颅内感染列入ＩＭＣＩ。地区医院在ＩＭＣＩ中 的作用是提高疾病的治愈率、提供师资培训和技术指导，应采取的措施是加强门、急诊工作和儿内科与传染病科的合作。 To explore the role of regional hospitals in the Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI), we retrospectively analyzed pulmonary diarrhoea, diarrhoea, malnutrition, measles and malaria (five diseases) hospitalized between the ages of 1 and 5 years from 1995 to 1999. The results showed that pneumonia and diarrhoeal diseases accounted for 75.50% and 21.47% of the 5 diseases, while malnutrition accounted for 1.76%, but 343 cases were associated with the disease (when more than 2 out of 5 diseases were involved). The second type or more was 67.35%. In children aged 1 to 5 years old, the acute upper respiratory tract infection accounted for 30.77% of the children in the department of internal medicine, second only to 36.20% of pneumonia; 18 cases died of illness and the first cause of death was intracranial infection. Children with five kinds of diseases accounted for 15.36% and 1.90% of the total number of hospitalized children in the Department of Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases at the same period. Inpatients in the Department of Pediatrics accounted for the same period. 1.16% of the total emergency department. In addition to pneumonia, diarrhea and malnutrition, acute upper respiratory tract infections and intracranial infections should be included in the IMCI. The role of regional hospitals in IMCI is to improve the cure rate of the disease, provide teacher training and technical guidance, and the measures that should be taken are to strengthen the cooperation of gates, emergency work, and the Department of Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases.