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人教版三年级课文《燕子》,是根据著名作家郑振铎的散文改写的。郑的原文1400多字,改写后删去了大部分,剩下单纯描写春天燕子的内容,280字左右。原文写于20世纪20年代,选入教材时编者做了较大的改动,使文章内容单纯,语言浅显易懂,更适合三年级学生阅读。有人说,文学名篇的修改应尽量保留原作的内容全貌和语言风格,认为此课文改写不成功,不如原文形象生动,充满激情。这种意见没有充分考虑小学低年级教学的需要。首先,原文中一些较为艰深和偏僻的词语,如“劲俊”“隽逸”“觳纹”“憩息”等,不换不行。其次,早期白话文保留了某些文言成分,作为小学三年级课文,也必须加以处理,如“轻颸”“皆如赶赴市集者似的奔聚而来”“斜飞于旷亮无比的天空之上”。从修辞上说,改写后的课文简洁明快,句子结构更简单,读起来流利顺口。如开头的一个句子,改写后保留了主要内容,而句子更整齐,结构更匀称,更适宜低龄儿童诵读、理解。总的来说,编者的修改是可取的。
PEP, the third grade text “Swallow,” was rewritten according to the famous author Zheng Zhenduo’s essay. The original text of more than 1400 words, most of the deleted after the rewrite, the rest of the simple description of the contents of the spring swallow, 280 words or so. The original text was written in the 1920s. When the textbook was selected, the editors made major changes to make the article simple and the language easy to understand and more suitable for third grade students to read. Some people say that the revision of literary famous articles should try its best to retain the content of the original text and language style, that this text unsuccessful rewriting, as the original image vivid, full of passion. This opinion does not fully consider the needs of the lower grades of primary school education. First of all, some of the more difficult and remote words in the original text, such as “Jin Jun”, “Jun Yi”, “Wan Wen”, “Rest” and so on, can not be changed. Second, the early vernacular vernacular retains certain classical elements and must be dealt with as a third-grade text in primary school, such as “飔 飔” “” 皆 奔 奔 如 如 赶 “ Bright sky above the sky ”. Rhetorically speaking, the rewritten text is simple and neat, the sentence structure is simpler, and it fits smoothly. If the beginning of a sentence, rewritten to retain the main content, and neat sentences, the structure is more symmetrical, more suitable for young children to read and understand. In general, editorial changes are desirable.