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初中物理教学的特点在于突出实验。教学中教师引导学生观察、实验与分析物理现象,认识其特征,发现其规律,直到理解、掌握和运用。在初中教学中运用比较法,它有利于“具体～抽象～具体”的教学原则,使学生化难为易。其运用的规律如下:1.同时性。所谓同时性,是指同一时刻,观察同一事件的多个状态。例如在学习“汽化”这一内容时,为了使学生掌握“沸腾”这一概念,教师设计这样实验:把水放在4个烧杯里加热,4个烧杯中水温分别是20℃、60℃、90%、100%。学生同时看到4个不同水温的烧杯在火上加热的
Junior high school physics teaching is characterized by outstanding experiments. In teaching, teachers guide students to observe, experiment and analyze physical phenomena, recognize their characteristics, and discover their laws until they are understood, mastered and applied. Using comparative method in junior high school teaching, it is conducive to the “specific - abstract - specific” teaching principles, making it difficult for students to change. Its use of the law is as follows: 1. Simultaneity. Simultaneity refers to the observation of multiple states of the same event at the same time. For example, when learning “vaporization”, in order to teach students the concept of “boiling,” teachers designed this experiment: put water in four beakers and heat them. The water temperature in the four beakers was 20°C and 60°C, respectively. 90%, 100%. The students also saw four beakers of different water temperatures heated on the fire.