中国的弃儿安置模式包括国内外收养、家庭寄养、机构照料和社会助养、社区照料,其中国内家庭寄养和机构照料是主要的两种安置模式。大量实证研究表明家庭寄养和家庭形态机构照料有利于孤残儿童的身心健康成长。本文在总结近年来实践的基础上,得出以儿童发展为中心的人本科学发展观、注重社会融入、构建社会和谐是我国孤残儿童福利事业的理念与总体思路。 China’s abandoned children placement model includes adoption at home and abroad, foster parenting, institutional care and social support, and community care. Among them, domestic foster care and institutional care are the two main modes of resettlement. A large number of empirical studies have shown that family foster care and family form agency care is conducive to the mentally and physically and mentally healthy growth of orphans and disabled children. On the basis of summarizing the practice in recent years, this paper concludes the concept of humanistic development centered on children’s development, focusing on social integration and building social harmony as the concept and overall mentality of the well-being of orphans and disabled children in our country.