出生缺陷(B irth Defect)是指由于某些因素导致胚胎在子宫内发育系乱,引起胎儿出生前就存在结构畸形、功能缺陷、代谢障碍或行为发育异常。据文献报道估计〔1〕,2010年全世界有将近790万出生缺陷患儿,约占出生人口的6%。出生缺陷是引起围产儿死胎死产和婴幼儿死亡的重要原因〔2 Birth defects (B irth Defect) is due to some factors leading to embryonic development in the uterus disorder, causing the fetus before birth, there are structural defects, functional defects, metabolic disorders or behavioral dysplasia. It is estimated in the literature [1] that in 2010 there were nearly 7.9 million children with birth defects in the world, accounting for 6% of the birth population. Birth defects are the major causes of stillbirths and infant deaths in perinatal infants [2]