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诽谤罪的具体建构体现了现代社会面对人格尊严与言论自由的二难境地,正义天平倾斜的方向及角度都是社会价值观的体现和引导。虽然各国社会经济文化背景不尽相同,但是向言论自由的保护进行倾斜的普遍司法实践还是略透端倪。检验诽谤罪的逻辑重点应先区别事实与意见,再鉴别名誉毁损程度,然后要区分事实内容是否关乎公益,是否出于真正恶意,才能有利于诽谤罪的正确认定。
The concrete construction of defamation crime embodies the dilemma of facing the dignity of human beings and the freedom of speech in modern society. The direction and angle of inclination of justice scale are all the reflection and guidance of social values. Although the social, economic and cultural backgrounds vary from one country to another, the general judicial practice of leaning toward the protection of freedom of speech is still somewhat clueless. The logical focus of the crime of defamation should be to distinguish the facts and opinions, and then to identify the degree of reputation damage, and then to distinguish whether the factual content is related to public welfare, whether out of real malice, can be conducive to the correct identification of defamation.