〔总体阅读思考〕议论文从论证的方式看,一般可分为立论和驳论两种。立论是证明一个问题的真实性;驳论是证明一个问题的虚假性,驳论与立论对论据和论述的要求是一致的,论据都要确凿、典型、充分,论证要严密有力,逻辑性强。但在其论证的目的上有所不同,作者在立论中,思维是建设性的,为的是使所立论点站得住;在驳论中,作者的思维是破坏性的,为的是让所驳的论点难立脚,从驳论的方法看,有驳论点、驳论据和驳论证三种,其中反驳论点是主要的,错误的论点是反驳的主要目标,所 [Overall Reading Thinking] Argumentative papers can be divided into two kinds of arguments and refutations from the perspective of argumentation. Argumentation is to prove the authenticity of a problem; refutation is to prove the falsity of a problem, refutation and argumentation are consistent with the requirements of argumentation and discourse. Arguments must be conclusive, typical, and sufficient. Argumentation must be rigorous, strong and logical. . However, the purpose of its argument is different. In the author’s argument, the thinking is constructive in order to make the argument stand; in the refutation, the author’s thinking is destructive, in order to let The refutation argument is difficult to stand on. From the point of view of the refutation method, there are three types of arguments, refutation arguments and refutation arguments. The refutation argument is the main one. The wrong argument is the main object of refutation.