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前列腺癌作为常见的男性恶性肿瘤,其发病率及病死率分别位居美国男性恶性肿瘤的第一位及第二位[1]。对于前列腺癌,其治疗方案的选择主要基于患者预期寿命的长短。除了常见的前列腺根治术及放射治疗外,西方国家已广泛开展如高强度聚焦超声(high-intensity focused ultrasound,HIFU)治疗,光动力治疗及冰冻治疗等多种治疗方法的临床研究与应用[2-3]。
Prostate cancer as a common male malignancy, the incidence and mortality rates were the first and second in the United States male malignancies [1]. For prostate cancer, the choice of treatment options are based primarily on the patient’s life expectancy. In addition to the common radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy, western countries have extensively studied the clinical research and application of various treatment methods such as high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), photodynamic therapy and cryotherapy [2 -3].