论文部分内容阅读
目的 为了解航行时存在的心理—生理卫生学问题,如单调性(感觉、知觉缺乏,重复动作)、运动不足、生理节律紊乱,缓解精神疲劳,促进心理健康,进行了心理—生理综合卫生保障措施研究。方法 舰员30人,分成两组,实验组15人,对照组15人。采取的措施:航行期对实验组舰员实施一套体能锻炼的训练方案,进行心理健康的宣传教育和咨询;对照组未实施体能锻炼的训练方案,没有接受心理健康的宣传教育和咨询。指标:心理的疲劳问卷(睡眠情况、症状自评量表及疲劳症状),体能测试(引体向上、立定跳远、100 m跑、背肌力、左右手握力)。结果 航行5 d后,对照组舰员症状自评量表的总分和多项因子分高于实验组和国人常模,相差显著;疲劳症状问卷评分的总分和各因子分高于实验组,相差显著;睡眠情况及体能测试指标与实验组相比相差不显著。结论 开展体能锻炼进行心理健康宣传教育和咨询,有益于提高舰员的心理健康水平,缓解精神疲劳,表现为心理和疲劳问卷指标得分的改善。
Objective To understand the psychological-physiological problems of navigation such as monotonality (lack of sensation, lack of consciousness, repetitive motions), lack of exercise, circadian rhythm disorders, mental fatigue alleviation and mental health improvement and psychological-physiological health protection Research measures. Methods The crew of 30 people, divided into two groups, experimental group of 15 people, control group of 15 people. Measures taken: During the flight period, a training program of physical training for the experimental crew members was conducted to conduct publicity, education and counseling on mental health; the training program for physical exercise was not implemented in the control group; publicity, education and counseling on mental health were not accepted. Metrics: Mental fatigue questionnaire (sleep condition, self-rating symptom scales and fatigue symptoms), physical fitness test (pull-ups, long jump, 100 m running, back muscle strength, left and right hand grip). Results After sailing for 5 days, the total score and multiple factors of the self-rating scale of the crew members in the control group were significantly higher than those in the experimental group and the norm. The total score of the fatigue symptom questionnaire score and each factor score were higher than those in the experimental group , Significant difference; Sleep and physical test indicators compared with the experimental group, the difference was not significant. Conclusion Carrying out physical exercise to carry out psychological health publicity and education and counseling is beneficial to improve the mental health of seafarers and relieve mental fatigue, which is manifested as the improvement of scores of psychological and fatigue questionnaire indicators.