论文部分内容阅读
目的通过比较三种剂型活性炭对两种常见有机磷杀虫剂(敌敌畏和甲胺磷)在不同条件下的吸附作用,为临床使用活性炭治疗经口有机磷农药中毒寻找实验室依据。方法量取50%甲胺磷原油或68%敌敌畏原油后稀释100倍制备低浓度药剂或稀释10倍制备高浓度药剂,用0.1mmol/L盐酸溶液调节所配制溶液的pH值。分别取10ml具塞试管12支,分为粉状活性炭组、活性炭混悬液组、片剂活性炭组、空白对照组4组,每组试管3支。向粉状活性炭组试管中加入粉状活性炭0.3g,再分别向其他各组试管中加入活性炭含量相同的不同剂型活性炭。然后再向所有试管中加入配制好的低/高浓度敌敌畏或甲胺磷溶液5ml,震荡摇匀2min,放入37℃恒温水浴中孵育。分别在1h(低、高浓度组)、4h(低浓度组)时间点从每支试管中取0.5ml上清液,用气相色谱法检测其甲胺磷含量。结果不同剂型活性炭对低浓度敌敌畏和甲胺磷的吸附能力结果表明,无论是中性环境还是酸性环境下,在1及4h时间点对2种杀虫剂均有很好的吸附能力(P<0.01),且三种类型的活性炭间吸附能力无统计学意义(P>0.05)。活性炭对于高浓度的敌敌畏(6.8%)均有很好的吸附能力(P<0.01),而且粉状炭的吸附能力最优(P<0.01)。但对于高浓度的甲胺磷(5%)三类活性炭均不能有效的吸附(P>0.05)。结论在模拟的胃肠道环境下,活性炭能有效的吸附低浓度的敌敌畏和甲胺磷;对于高浓度的敌敌畏,三类活性炭也显示出良好的吸附能力,以粉状炭的吸附能力最优;但对于高浓度的甲胺磷三类活性炭均不能有效的吸附。
Objective To compare the adsorption of two kinds of common organic phosphorus insecticides (dichlorvos and methamidophos) under different conditions by comparing the activated carbons of three dosage forms and to find a laboratory basis for the clinical use of activated carbon for the treatment of oral organophosphorus pesticide poisoning. Methods 50% methamidophos crude oil or 68% dichlorvos crude oil was diluted 100 times to prepare low-concentration medicament or diluted 10 times to prepare high-concentration medicament. The pH value of the prepared solution was adjusted with 0.1 mmol / L hydrochloric acid solution. Take 10ml plugged test tube 12, divided into powdered activated carbon group, activated carbon suspension group, tablet activated carbon group, blank control group 4, 3 tubes in each group. Add 0.3g powdered activated carbon to the test tube of powdered activated carbon, and then add the different types of activated carbon with the same amount of activated carbon to the other test tubes. Then add 5ml of prepared low / high concentration of dichlorvos or methamidophos solution to all the tubes, shake for 2min and incubate in a constant temperature water bath at 37 ° C. 0.5 ml of supernatant was taken from each tube at 1 h (low and high concentration) and 4 h (low concentration) respectively, and the content of methamidophos was detected by gas chromatography. Results The adsorption capacity of different dosage forms of activated carbon for low concentration of dichlorvos and methamidophos showed that the adsorption capacity of two kinds of pesticides was good at both 1 h and 4 h in both neutral and acidic environments (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between the three types of activated carbon adsorption (P> 0.05). Activated carbon had good adsorption capacity for high concentration of dichlorvos (6.8%) (P <0.01), and the adsorption capacity of powdered carbon was the best (P <0.01). However, none of the three types of activated carbons with high concentration of methamidophos (5%) could effectively adsorb (P> 0.05). Conclusions Activated charcoal can effectively adsorb low concentration of dichlorvos and methamidophos under the simulated gastrointestinal environment. For high concentration of dichlorvos, the three types of activated carbon also show good adsorption capacity, and the adsorption capacity of powdered charcoal is the best ; But for high concentrations of methamidophos three types of activated carbon can not be effectively adsorbed.