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1、设计学派 认为战略的形成就是在内在的实力和弱点与外部的危险和机遇之间找到最佳平衡点。高层管理人员制定明确而简单的战略,以便于大家执行。在有关战略进程的观点中,这是占支配地位的观点,而且这种情况至少持续到70年代。有人可能会说,鉴于它对教学和实践的固有影响,这种观点至今仍占支配地位。 2、计划学派 计划学派是同设计学派平行发展的。就出版物的数量而言,计划学派在70年代中期占主导地位。它至今仍是一支重要的势力,尽管在80年代它的影响日见式微。计划学派反映了设计学派的大多数假设,但
1, the design school believes that the formation of the strategy is to find the best balance between the inherent strengths and weaknesses and the external dangers and opportunities. Top management has a clear and simple strategy for everyone to implement. This is the dominating view of the strategic process and continues until at least the 1970s. One might argue that, given its inherent influence on teaching and practice, that view is still dominant today. 2, plan school plan school is developed in parallel with the school of design. In terms of the number of publications, the planning school dominated the mid-1970s. It is still an important force to this day, though its impact is diminishing in the 1980s. The planning school reflects most of the assumptions of the design school, however