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本文基于对《西域水道记》稿本与刻本中有关敦煌及莫高窟记载的差异比较,揭示出清代著名学者徐松并未亲历敦煌,更没有游览和考察过莫高窟的历史事实。因此,长期以来学术界关于其考察过敦煌的说法是站不住脚的。实际上,徐松《西域水道记》中关于敦煌及莫高窟的记载和描述,得之于《重修肃州新志》及《西域图志》等官方文献,更得之于敦煌知县许乃毂的《千佛岩歌》等时人著述及碑文收藏。
Based on a comparison of the differences recorded in Dunhuang and Mogao Grottoes in the manuscripts and engravings of The Western Regions Watercourse, this article reveals that Xu Song, a famous scholar in the Qing Dynasty, did not visit Dunhuang, nor did he ever visit or examine the historical facts of Mogao Grottoes. Therefore, academics have long been untenable about their visit to Dunhuang. In fact, the records and descriptions of Dunhuang and Mogao Grottoes in Xu Song’s Western Regions Watercourse are based on official documents such as “Rebuilding Suzhou New Records” and “Western Regions Records” The “thousand Buddha rock songs” and other works of people writing and inscription collection.