社会人类学作为人类学的分支,或者更确切地说,作为人类学的近门,现在已经被人们了解了。它有一个悠久而复杂的家谱,这个家谱要追溯到十八世纪法国思想家孟德斯鸠、卢梭和百科全书派。对社会的研究探讨,是由十九世纪作为“社会学家”、“哲学家”、和“自然科学家”的这样一些兴趣完全不同的、活跃的人们,诸如斯宾塞、孔德、圣西门和亚当·史密斯等发起的,到十九世纪晚期的以杜尔干为首的法国学派时达到了顶峰。 Sociological anthropology, as a branch of anthropology, or, more precisely, as a near door to anthropology, is now understood. It has a long and complex pedigree dating back to the eighteenth century French thinker Montesquieu, Rousseau and the Encyclopedia. The study of society is based on completely different, active people such as Spencer, Comte, Saint Simon, who were such societies of interest in the nineteenth century as “sociologists,” “philosophers,” and “natural scientists.” And Adam Smith, culminating in the French school headed by Dourke in the late nineteenth century.