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在抗微生物感染药物开发过程中, 动物模型是必不可少的。虽然目前已经用啮齿类动物建立了一些细菌感染动物模型, 但在小型灵长类动物中还很少见。这里首次报道两个树鼩细菌感染动物模型。第一种是在三度烫伤后的皮肤表面接种 5×106 CFU 的金黄色葡萄球菌构建的皮肤烫伤感染模型。这个数量的金黄色葡萄球菌可以造成 7 d 持续性感染, 并且在第 4天可以看到明显的炎症反应。第二种是用绿脓杆菌构建的涤纶补片感染模型, 接种 2×106 CFU 的绿脓杆菌同样可以引起持续 6 d 感染, 并在第三天在伤口处观察到大量的脓液。进一步用这两种模型评价头孢哌酮钠和左氧氟沙星的治疗效果。左氧氟沙星和头孢哌酮钠在皮肤烫伤感染模型中能分别将 100 mg 皮肤组织中的细菌降低到 4log10 和 5log10 CFU, 并且在涤纶补片植入感染模型中这两种抗生素都能显著地将感染的细菌降低了 4log10 CFU (P<0.05)。结果表明用金黄色葡萄球菌和绿脓杆菌成功构建了两个细菌感染的树鼩模型。此外, 树鼩对金黄色葡萄球菌和绿脓杆菌很敏感, 适合用于构建细菌感染动物模型和评价新的抗细菌感染药物的效果。
Animal models are indispensable in the development of antimicrobial drugs. Although some animal models of bacterial infection have been established with rodents, they are rare in small primates. For the first time, two animal models of tree litter bacterial infections were reported. The first is a scald skin wound infection model inoculated with 5 × 10 6 CFU Staphylococcus aureus on the surface of a third-degree scalded skin. This amount of Staphylococcus aureus can cause a persistent infection for 7 days and a clear inflammatory response can be seen on day 4. The second was a model of polydopamine infection constructed with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Inoculation of 2 × 10 6 CFU of Pseudomonas aeruginosa also caused an infection lasting 6 days and a large amount of pus was observed on the third day at the wound. The two models were further used to evaluate the efficacy of cefoperazone sodium and levofloxacin. Levofloxacin and cefoperazone sodium reduced the bacteria in 100 mg of skin tissue to 4 log10 and 5 log10 CFU, respectively, in the scald skin infection model, and both antibiotics significantly reduced the infected bacteria in the polled patch implantable infection model 4log10 CFU (P <0.05). The results showed that two bacterial infection tree shrew models were successfully constructed with Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In addition, tree shrews are sensitive to Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and are suitable for use in constructing animal models of bacterial infection and evaluating the efficacy of new anti-bacterial drugs.