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以2个籼、粳稻品种为材料,设置高、中、低3个穗肥处理,以空白为对照,构建不同的群体结构,研究穗肥施量对植株形态和群体生态及穗叶温度的影响。结果表明,穗肥施量对穗长、穗弯曲度、叶长和叶角有明显影响;不同穗肥处理群体内部温度、湿度、光照强度和CO2浓度等微气象因子具有一定差异,中肥处理具有良好的群体微气象环境;此外,中肥处理群体具有适宜的LAI、净光合速率和蒸腾速率,冠层温度较低;施肥水平显著影响植株器官的温度,穗叶的温度随穗肥施量的增加而降低,中肥与高肥处理植株穗叶的温度差异不显著,但与低肥和空白处理差异显著。研究结果说明通过优化田间管理如合理的施肥来构建良好的群体,对降低植株穗叶和冠层温度以提高水稻抗热害能力效果显著。
Two indica and japonica cultivars were used as experimental materials to investigate the effects of panicle fertilization on plant morphology and population ecology and fringe leaf temperature. Three panicle top, middle and low panicle treatments were set up. . The results showed that panicle fertilization had significant effects on panicle length, panicle curvature, leaf length and leaf angle. Microbial meteorological factors such as temperature, humidity, light intensity and CO2 concentration were different among different panicle treatments, In addition, the medium-fat treatment group had the appropriate LAI, net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate, and the canopy temperature was lower. The fertilization level significantly affected the temperature of plant organs, The difference of temperature between leaves of medium and high fertilizer treatments was not significant, but there was significant difference between low-fat and blank treatment. The results showed that optimizing the field management, such as reasonable fertilization, to build a good population, reducing the plant leaf and canopy temperature to improve the ability of rice against chilling effect.