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改革开放以来,市场经济的发展激发了人口流动的活力,同时限制自由流动的体制藩篱也在逐步被挣脱。加上中国庞大的人口基数和快速推进的城镇化进程,使得中国的流动人口规模之大史上未见、世间独有。根据2012年国民经济和社会发展统计公报,全国人户分离的人口为2.79亿,其中流动人口为2.36亿。如此巨大的流动人口规模,因其流动性强、成分复杂、诉求多样等特征,使这一群体对中国社会的整体发展与和谐稳定至关重要。而户籍制、城乡二元结构等不合理因素的存在,使大多数流
Since the reform and opening up, the development of a market economy has stimulated the vitality of population mobility, meanwhile the institutional barriers that restrict the free flow are gradually being freed. Coupled with China’s huge population base and the rapid urbanization process, the size of China’s migrant population has never been seen in history, and the world is unique. According to the Statistical Bulletin of the National Economic and Social Development in 2012, the number of people separated from each other in China is 279 million, of which 236 million are floating population. Such a huge scale of floating population is very important to the overall development, harmony and stability of Chinese society because of its strong mobility, complex composition and diverse demands. The household registration system, urban and rural dual structure and other unreasonable factors exist, so that most of the flow