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法国耶稣会士马若瑟于1728年撰成的《汉语札记》虽非第一部西洋汉语语法,却是首次分别考察官话语法和文言语法并将修辞融入其中,佐以丰富的书证和日常语例的著作。本文依据《汉语札记》的拉丁原本(1831)和英译(1847),先与卫匡国《中国文法》(约1650)、万济国《华语官话语法》(1703)略比,再分语音文字、语法、修辞评析其主要内容。马若瑟既通汉语语法,又懂修辞,且能用文言写作,在古今西方汉学家当中是分析与运用并佳的罕见之例。
The “Chinese Notes” written by the French Jesuit Ma Joseur in 1728 is not the first Western Chinese grammar, but for the first time separately examines the grammar of the official language and the classical grammar and incorporates rhetoric into it, accompanied by a wealth of documentary evidence and daily examples The book. Based on the Latin original (1831) and the English translation (1847) of the “Notes on Chinese”, this article first compares with the “Chinese Grammar” of Wei Kuangguo (about 1650) and the “Mandarin Chinese Grammar” of Wanjiazuo (1703) Text, grammar, rhetoric evaluation of the main content. Ma Joseph, both in Chinese grammar and rhetoric, can write in classical Chinese. It is a rare example of analysis and application and goodness among ancient and modern Western sinologists.