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目的:探讨性激素、生殖因素与食管癌风险的关系。方法:通过Pubmed数据库搜索2013年12月31日之前有关食管癌性激素、生殖因素方面的文献,利用Stata软件,采用可信区间方差分析法计算各相关因素的OR及95%CI。结果:纳入文献共11篇,累积病例2 453例,对照组14 145例。结果:绝经年龄(OR=0.620,95%CI:0.463~0.829)、初产年龄23~26岁(OR=0.621,95%CI:0.715~0.997)、应用雌激素治疗(OR=0.742,95%CI:0.624~0.883)和生育(OR=10.765,95%CI:0.628~0.933)都与食管癌有明显相关性,而初潮年龄、分娩次数与食管癌无显著相关。结论:绝经年龄>50岁、初产年龄23~26岁以及应用雌激素治疗是食管癌的保护因素,女性未生育是食管癌的危险因素,而初潮年龄和分娩次数与食管癌的关系尚不明确,有待进一步研究。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between sex hormones, reproductive factors and esophageal cancer risk. Methods: The literature on esophageal cancer sex hormones and reproductive factors before December 31, 2013 was searched by Pubmed database. The OR of all relevant factors and 95% CI were calculated by Stata software using confidence interval analysis of variance. Results: A total of 11 articles were included, including 2 453 cumulative cases and 14 145 control cases. Results: The age of menopause (OR = 0.620, 95% CI: 0.463-0.829) and the age of first trimester were 23-26 years (OR = 0.621, 95% CI 0.715-0.997) CI: 0.624-0.883) and fertility (OR = 10.765,95% CI: 0.628-0.933) were significantly associated with esophageal cancer, while the age at menarche and number of deliveries were not significantly correlated with esophageal cancer. Conclusion: Menopausal age> 50 years, primiparous age 23 ~ 26 years old and estrogen treatment are the protective factors of esophageal cancer, female infertility is a risk factor for esophageal cancer, while the relationship between menarche age and childbirth esophageal cancer is not yet Clear, pending further study.