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对于语言的进化问题,有两种不同的观点。一种是以Chomsky为代表的生物进化观。另一种是以Dawkins为代表的文化进化观。本文以Dawkins的文化模因观为理论依据,初步构建语言模因的观点,探讨模因与语言的关系等问题,并从语言模因视角来解读Chomsky的语言认知观所引发的一些有争议的焦点问题。在此基础上,本文认为,要想对语言结构作出充分的解释,不仅须要对语言认知基础的彻底理解,同时还须要彻底搞清楚语言演变过程中的文化选择机制,即模因的演变机制。
There are two different perspectives on the evolution of language. One is the biological evolution represented by Chomsky. The other is the cultural evolution represented by Dawkins. In this paper, based on Dawkins’ s theory of memetics, this article constructs the idea of language memetics, probes into the relationship between memetics and language, and discusses some controversies arising from Chomsky’s linguistic perception from the perspective of linguistic memetics The focus of the problem. On this basis, this paper argues that in order to fully explain the linguistic structure, it is not only necessary to have a thorough understanding of the linguistic cognition, but also to thoroughly understand the mechanism of cultural choice in the process of linguistic evolution, that is, the evolution mechanism of memetics .