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多糖一般来自于生物体,在自然界中广泛存在。它们有着复杂的化学结构、分子构象和生理功能,正越来越受到研究者的关注。多糖家族中的β-1,3-葡聚糖由于具有很强的螺旋结构形成能力而被研究得最多。碳纳米管由于具有优异的力学、电学、光学和热性能已成为有应用潜力的纳米材料。合成寡核苷酸在近年的研究中也显示出可能用于治疗疑难杂症。利用导电高分子和纳米颗粒制备出纳米纤维过去十年也受到了广泛关注。在上述三个领域β-1,3-葡聚糖都具有特殊的应用优势。本文综述了近年来对于多糖,尤其是β-1,3-葡聚糖在碳纳米管非共价改性、功能核苷酸的定向传递、导电高分子的包覆,以及作为聚合反应器、诱导纳米粒子排列和制备纳米线等方面的研究进展。
Polysaccharides generally come from organisms and are widespread in nature. With their complicated chemical structures, molecular conformations and physiological functions, they are attracting more and more researchers’ attention. Β-1, 3-glucan in the polysaccharide family has been the most studied due to its strong ability to form spiral structures. Carbon nanotubes have become potential nanomaterials due to their excellent mechanical, electrical, optical and thermal properties. In recent years, synthetic oligonucleotides have also been shown to be potentially useful in the treatment of incurable diseases. The use of conductive polymers and nanoparticles to produce nanofibers has also received widespread attention over the past decade. Β-1,3-glucan has particular application advantages in all three areas. This review summarizes the recent progress in the non-covalent modification of polysaccharides, especially β-1,3-glucans, the directional transfer of functional nucleotides, the coating of conductive polymers, and as a polymerization reactor, Research progress in inducing nanoparticle alignment and preparing nanowires.