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结直肠癌(co1orecta1 cancer,CRC)在我国恶性肿瘤中的发病率、死亡率均居第5位.目前,针对结直肠癌的标准治疗方式是术前或术后辅助放化疗与手术治疗相结合.放疗在结直肠癌的治疗中占有重要地位,然而临床上有部分患者对放疗不敏感甚至放疗抵抗.因此,发现放疗后肿瘤细胞的具体变化和发挥更强的放疗抗肿瘤效应对CRC治疗具有重要意义.本文旨在从DNA损伤修复、细胞周期、细胞凋亡和肿瘤微环境4个层面对结直肠癌放疗增敏的研究进展进行综述.“,”Co1orecta1 cancer ranks fifth in morbidity and morta1ity in ma1ignant tumors in China. At Present, the standard treatment for co1orecta1 cancer is PreoPerative or PostoPerative adjuvant chemoradiotheraPy and surgery. RadiotheraPy P1ays an imPortant ro1e in the treatment of co1orecta1 cancer. However, some Patients are insensitive to radiotheraPy and even radiotheraPy resistance. Therefore, it is of great significance to find out the sPecific changes of tumor ce11s after radiotheraPy and exert stronger anti-tumor effects of radio-theraPy. This artic1e aims to review the research Progress of radiosensitization of co1orecta1 cancer ce11s from four asPects: DNA damage rePair, ce11 cyc1e, aPoPtosis and tumor microenvironment.