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目的研究烟酸对幼年高脂肥胖大鼠血脂及血管内皮凝血功能的影响。方法 Wistar大鼠32只随机分为正常对照组和肥胖组,分别饲予基础饲料和高脂饲料。8周后肥胖大鼠造模成功,肥胖组大鼠再随机分为3组:食谱控制组(单纯控制食谱)、烟酸干预组(控制食谱+烟酸)、高脂对照组(继续高脂饮食)。正常对照组继续饲予基础饲料。干预12周后,处死全部大鼠,测定血脂指标,包括总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL),计算动脉粥样硬化指数(AI);血管内皮凝血因子:酶联免疫吸附双抗凝夹心法检测其血浆血管性假血友病因子(vWF)水平,免疫组织化学法检测其腹主动脉内皮vWF蛋白的表达。结果烟酸干预组大鼠TC、TG、LDL、AI、血浆vWF和腹主动脉内皮vWF蛋白表达水平显著低于高脂对照组大鼠,HDL显著高于高脂对照组大鼠;食谱控制组大鼠TC、TG显著降低,LDL、AI、腹主动脉内皮vWF蛋白表达水平有所降低但仍高于正常对照组大鼠,血浆vWF、血清HDL与正常对照组比较差异无统计学意义。结论烟酸可改善血脂、血管内皮凝血功能,调节血脂紊乱和血管内皮凝血功能障碍是烟酸类药物改善动脉粥样硬化预后的可能机制。
Objective To study the effects of nicotinic acid on blood lipid and endothelial cell coagulation in juvenile hyperlipidemic rats. Methods Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group and obese group, fed with basal diet and high-fat diet respectively. Eight weeks later, obese rats were successfully established. Rats in obesity group were randomly divided into three groups: control group (control diet), nicotinic acid intervention group (control recipe + niacin), high fat control group diet). The normal control group continue to feed the basal diet. After intervention for 12 weeks, all rats were sacrificed and blood lipids, including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL), and atherosclerosis index (AI). Vascular endothelial coagulation factor (VEGF) was detected by double anticoagulation sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The vWF protein level was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The levels of TC, TG, LDL, AI, vWF and vWF in the abdominal aorta of niacin intervention group were significantly lower than those in high fat control group, and the HDL was significantly higher than that in high fat control group. The control group The levels of TC and TG were significantly decreased in rats. The expressions of vWF, LDL, AI and vWF in abdominal aortic endothelium were decreased but still higher than those in normal control group. There was no significant difference in plasma vWF, serum HDL and normal control group. Conclusion Niacin can improve blood lipids, vascular endothelial coagulation, dyslipidemia and vascular endothelial coagulation dysfunction is a possible mechanism of nicotinic acid drugs to improve the prognosis of atherosclerosis.