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目的:了解乌鲁木齐市医用诊断X射线放射防护现状,为改善和加强放射卫生监测提供科学依据。方法:选取乌鲁木齐市151家不同等级医院的放射诊断工作人员作为研究对象,测量个人年均有效剂量并对机房防护性能和X射线机的质量控制进行检测。结果:2013年乌鲁木齐市医用放射人员年人均照射剂量为1.13mSv,与国内部分省市相比属低水平。但介入放射学工作者暴露水平高于其他医学放射工作者(H=386.09,P<0.05)。机房观察窗、控制室门、机房门及候诊区检测合格率依次为99.72%、99.72%、98.89%、98.33%和100.00%。X射线机管电压指示偏离、曝光时间指示偏离、有用线束半值层、输出量重复性及输出量线性检测合格率依次为99.4%、99.7%、100.0%、99.4%和99.2%。结论:乌鲁木齐市医用放射工作者职业暴露处于低剂量水平,但介入人员高于其他医学放射工作者,应予重点关注。绝大部分医疗放射诊疗机构的机房防护和X射线机性能良好。
Objective: To understand the status of medical diagnostic X-ray radiation protection in Urumqi and provide a scientific basis for improving and strengthening the monitoring of radiation health. Methods: Radiological diagnostic staff of 151 hospitals of different grades in Urumqi were selected as the research object to measure the annual average effective dose of individual and test the protection performance of the engine room and the quality control of X-ray machine. Results: The annual per capita exposure of medical radiologists in Urumqi in 2013 was 1.13mSv, which is a low level compared with some provinces and cities in China. However, exposure of interventional radiologists was higher than that of other medical radiologists (H = 386.09, P <0.05). Computer room observation window, control room door, machine room door and the waiting area of the test pass rate of 99.72%, 99.72%, 98.89%, 98.33% and 100.00%. X-ray tube voltage deviation, exposure time indication deviations, useful wiring harness half value layer, the output repeatability and output linear test pass rate of 99.7%, 100.0%, 99.4% and 99.2%. Conclusion: Occupational exposure of medical radiologists in Urumqi is at a low dose level, but interventional workers are higher than other medical radiologists and should be given special attention. The vast majority of medical radiology clinic room protection and X-ray machine performance is good.