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借助于有限元分析软件DEFORM-3D,研究了环形通道形型腔的半锥形径向通道、全锥形径向通道以及半球形通道下,外径Φ200 mm、壁厚16 mm杯状件的挤压变形效果,研究结果表明:半球形通道下成形件挤压载荷和平均等效塑性应变值最小;而全锥形通道下成形件平均等效塑性应变值和挤压载荷最大;相比之下半锥形通道下成形件的平均等效塑性应变值适中,成形载荷适中。运用有限元模拟分析与物理实验相结合,对比分析了杯状件在半锥形通道下挤压成形与传统反挤压成形下的挤压载荷和成形件的平均塑性应变以及变形均匀性程度,结果表明:半锥形通道下挤压成形的杯状件,挤压载荷较传统反挤压减少近70%,平均塑性应变值约为传统反挤压的2.29倍且变形更均匀,成形件晶粒细化效果更明显、强化相分布较均匀。
With the aid of finite element analysis software DEFORM-3D, the semi-conical radial channel, the full-conical radial channel and the hemispherical channel of annular channel cavity were studied. The outer diameter of Φ200 mm and the thickness of 16 mm The results show that the compressive load and the average equivalent plastic strain of the formed part under the hemispherical channel are the lowest, while the average equivalent plastic strain and the compressive load of the formed part under the full conical channel are the largest, The average equivalent plastic strain under the lower half-tapered channel was modest and the forming load was moderate. By means of finite element simulation and physical experiment, the compressive load and the average plastic strain and the degree of deformation uniformity of the cup under the semi-conical passage and the traditional anti-extrusion are contrasted and analyzed. The results show that the extrusion load under the semi-conical channel is reduced by 70% compared with the conventional anti-extrusion. The average plastic strain is about 2.29 times that of the conventional anti-extrusion and the deformation is more uniform. More refined grain refinement, enhanced phase distribution more evenly.