micro RNAs(mi RNAs)是一类含有20~22个核苷酸的非编码单链小分子RNA,发挥转录后水平负调控基因表达和翻译的作用,具有生物学功能多样性,可作为多种疾病诊断和预后重要分子标志。该文介绍了肌细胞特异性mi RNAs,如mi R-1、mi R-133、mi R-145、mi R-206基因等染色体分布、序列、组织表达丰度、主要通路,并对肌细胞特异性mi RNAs在气管平滑肌、血管平滑肌、心肌等细胞中的生物学效应研究进展进行综述。 MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, non-coding RNAs containing 20 to 22 nucleotides. They exert post-transcriptional negative regulation of gene expression and translation. They have biological functional diversity and can be used as multiple Disease diagnosis and prognosis of important molecular markers. This paper introduces the chromosome distribution, sequence, expression abundance and main pathways of muscle-specific miRNAs such as mi R-1, mi R-133, mi R-145, mi R- The biological effects of specific mi RNAs in tracheal smooth muscle, vascular smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and other cells are reviewed.