目的 :为山东产木贼科草药经典分类提供属种间形态解剖学依据。方法 :采用光镜和扫描电镜对山东产 2属 5种 1变种木贼科草药进行了形态解剖学的研究。结果 :木贼属和问荆属在气孔类型、气孔保卫细胞表面附属物及内皮层层数等方面有显著差异 ;山东木贼科植物维管束内均有侧生木质部。结论 :依据茎的内部结构和表面特征可将它们进行属间分类 ,但属内种间差异较小 Objective : To provide an interspecies morphological anatomy basis for the classic classification of herbal medicines in Shandong Province. METHODS: The morphological and anatomical studies of five kinds of 1 species of Hibiscus in Shandong province were performed by light and scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: There were significant differences in stomata type, stomatal guard cell surface appendages, and layers of endodermis layers between Equisetum and E. genus. There were lateral xylem in the vascular bundles of Shandong Hiohidae. Conclusion : According to the internal structure and surface characteristics of stems, they can be classified by genera, but the genus is less different among species.