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目的了解新疆维吾尔自治区2003年新生儿破伤风(NT)的发病情况,并分析其原因。方法对新疆维吾尔自治区2003年NT的监测资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果NT发病率为0.36/1 000活产儿,死亡率为0.036/1 000活产儿,病死率为9.89%,在甲、乙类传染病报告死亡中居第4位。全年均有病例发生,以男婴为多,平均发病日龄8d。NT病例中在家分娩的占95.65%,其中未经过培训的接生员接生者占93.94%;所有母亲几乎均未接种过破伤风疫苗(TV)。结论在实施消除NT中,提高孕妇自我保健意识,去卫生条件好的医院分娩,对高危人群接种TV,加强新法接生培训,是消除NT的基本措施。提高医务人员NT报告意识和流行病监测人员的责任心,是提高监测质量的关键。
Objective To understand the incidence of neonatal tetanus (NT) in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in 2003 and analyze its causes. Methods The surveillance data of NT in 2003 in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were described by epidemiological analysis. Results The incidence of NT was 0.36 / 1000 live births, with a mortality rate of 0.036 / 1000 live births and a case fatality rate of 9.89%. It ranked No.4 in the reported deaths of type A and B infectious diseases. There are cases all year round, with more male infants, the average onset day 8d. 95.65% of births were delivered at home in NT cases, of whom 93.94% were born without trained midwives; almost all mothers did not receive tetanus vaccine (TV). Conclusion It is a basic measure to eliminate NT in the implementation of eliminating NT, raising awareness of pregnant women ’s self - care, hospital delivery to good hygienic conditions, TV in high risk population and training of new birth attendance. Increasing NT staff awareness and the responsibility of epidemiological monitors is the key to improving the quality of monitoring.