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合理的钢筋混凝土结构的设计安全度应该用概率理论来表达。由于统计资料尚不够多,还不能完全按概率理论制订设计安全度。极限状态设计规范中安全度采用三个系数的表达方法是向按概率设计的一个过渡形式,在现阶段是较为合理可用的。对三个系数的具体制订方法,认为:(1)结构按三个系数折算出的总安全系教,并不一定要保持与破损阶段的设计安全系数取值一致;(2)材料计算强度取值应充分考虑材质变异性的影响,以R-3σ为标准较为全面严密;(3)目前钢材材质检验及统计方法,差误不大;(4)结构物可能遇到的一些偶然因素。不必在安全度中考虑。
The design safety of a reasonable reinforced concrete structure should be expressed in terms of probability theory. Because statistics are still not enough, design safety cannot be completely determined by probability theory. The representation of the safety factor using the three coefficients in the limit state design specification is a transitional approach to probabilistic design and is more reasonably available at this stage. The specific formulating method for the three coefficients is as follows: (1) The total safety system calculated based on the three coefficients is not necessarily the same as the value of the design safety factor at the stage of damage; (2) The material strength is calculated Values should fully consider the influence of material variability, with R-3σ as the standard more comprehensive and rigorous; (3) current steel material inspection and statistical methods, the difference is not great; (4) some accidental factors that the structure may encounter. It is not necessary to consider it in terms of safety.