论文部分内容阅读
目的评估2008-2012年湖北省血吸虫病流行状况,为下阶段全省血吸虫病防治工作提供理论指导和科学依据。方法开展人畜查治病、钉螺控制等传染控制为主的综合防治措施,评价2008-2012年湖北省血吸虫病防治效果。结果 2008-2012年,全省共治疗血吸虫病人973 082人次,扩大化疗4 075 897人次;治疗病畜13 148头次,扩大化疗999 361头次;累计灭螺面积128 893.40 hm2,环境改造灭螺28 955.96 hm2;共淘汰耕牛、以机代牛153 215头,建设三格式无害化厕所453 350座。血吸虫病人数由2008年的255 594人下降至2012年的146 484人,下降了42.69%;居民血检阳性率、粪检阳性率以及血吸虫感染率均呈下降趋势(χ2=25 540.14,P<0.01;χ2=6 913.38,P<0.01和χ2=18 524.51,P<0.01)。病牛数由2008年的5 555头下降至2012年的499头,下降了91.02%;家畜(耕牛)感染率整体呈下降趋势(χ2=4 654.97,P<0.01)。结论湖北省实施传染源控制为主的综合防治策略效果显著,但防治任务仍然十分艰巨,要根据疫区实际情况采取有针对性的血吸虫病防治措施,最终实现消除血吸虫病的目标。
Objective To evaluate the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province from 2008 to 2012 and provide theoretical guidance and scientific basis for the prevention and control of schistosomiasis in the province in the next stage. Methods To carry out integrated control measures based on infection control of human and animal diseases, snail control and so on, to evaluate the control effect of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province from 2008 to 2012. Results From 2008 to 2012, a total of 973 082 patients were treated in schistosomiasis in the province, 4 075 897 were treated for chemotherapy. 13 148 first-time sick animals were treated, 999 361 were treated for the first time, and 128 893. 40 hm2 were accumulated. 28 955.96 hm2. A total of 153 oxen were eliminated on behalf of cattle, and 453 350 sanitation toilets were built. The number of schistosomiasis dropped from 255 594 in 2008 to 146 484 in 2012, down by 42.69%. The positive rate of blood tests, the positive rate of fecal examination and the infection rate of schistosomiasis showed a decreasing trend (χ2 = 25 540.14, P < 0.01; χ2 = 6 913.38, P <0.01 and χ2 = 18 524.51, P <0.01). The number of sick cattle decreased from 5 555 in 2008 to 499 in 2012, a decrease of 91.02%. The overall infection rate of livestock (cattle) decreased (χ2 = 4 654.97, P <0.01). Conclusion The integrated control strategy based on the control of the source of infection in Hubei Province has achieved remarkable results. However, the task of prevention and treatment is still arduous. According to the actual situation in the affected areas, we should take targeted prevention and treatment measures against schistosomiasis and finally achieve the goal of eliminating schistosomiasis.