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关于knowledge-how和knowledge-that的区分是赖尔的《心的概念》中具有基础地位的区分,这个区分在2001年遭到斯坦利和威廉姆森的挑战,由此引发一系列讨论。在笔者看来,斯坦利和威廉姆森完全是在一个错误的方向上批驳赖尔的区分。赖尔的无穷后退论证真正具有突破性的结果是:只有联系到行为,才能说明何种要素使行为体现出理智性质。因此,赖尔真正建立的是行为与知识间的关系,而引入knowledge-how,是为了表达这种关系。
The distinction between knowledge-how and knowledge-that is the fundamental distinction between Ryle’s Concept of the Heart, which was challenged by Stanley and Williamson in 2001, triggering a series of discussions. In my opinion, Stanley and Williamson criticized Ryle’s division in exactly the wrong direction. The truly groundbreaking result of Ryle’s infinite regression argument is that only when connected to behavior can it be explained which elements make the behavior reflect the rational nature. Therefore, what Ryel really built was the relationship between behavior and knowledge, and knowledge-how was introduced to express this relationship.