在小麦品种中,存在着一个从春性逐渐减弱到冬性、逐渐增强的连续等级系列。在这个系列中,从播种到成熟的生育天数逐渐增加,主茎总叶数也逐渐增多。在田间条件下,出现这种差异的原因,是品种类型的遗传特性和温光条件对其影响的结果。但这种差异,又可在一定的田间条件下消除。秋末冬初播种,翌春出苗的措施,在生产上称为“土里捂”,既用于冬小麦种植,也用于春小麦。这就是露地播种中的田间寄籽。从小麦生态学观点看,这种措施有其独特意义。 Among the wheat varieties, there is a continuous series of grades that gradually weaken from spring to winter and gradually increase. In this series, the number of growing days from sowing to maturity gradually increased, and the total number of main stems also increased gradually. Under field conditions, the reason for this discrepancy is the result of the genetic characteristics of variety types and the effects of temperature and light conditions on them. However, this difference can be eliminated under certain field conditions. Autumn late winter sowing, the next spring sprout measures in production known as “soil cover”, both for winter wheat cultivation, but also for spring wheat. This is the field seeding in open field planting. From the point of view of wheat ecology, this measure has its own unique significance.