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一、引言波导开关的最普通装置,包括一个有波导弯的圆柱转子,它可以旋转,以便在三个或四个波导口中任意两个之间交替地完成传输工作。这样波导口对称地排在定子上。需要的通道与不需要的通道之间的隔离,由在转子与定子的间隙中设计半波长扼流槽来实现。这些扼流槽反映在波导壁上相当于短路。在地面使用环境中,这种类型的波导开关就插损、驻波比和额定功率来说,几乎对传输工作没有什么实际限制。因此这种普通的波导开关广泛地应用作大功率输出的雷达及通讯发射机的备用转换开关。见图1—1。
I. INTRODUCTION The most common device for waveguide switches consists of a circularly curved cylindrical rotor that can be rotated to alternately carry out transmission between any two of three or four waveguides. This waveguide port symmetrically arranged in the stator. Isolation between required and unwanted channels is achieved by designing a half-wavelength choke in the rotor-stator gap. The reflection of these choke slots on the waveguide wall is equivalent to a short circuit. In ground-based environments, this type of waveguide switch imposes virtually no practical limit on the transmission operation in terms of insertion loss, VSWR and power rating. Therefore, this conventional waveguide switch is widely used as a backup switch for radar and communication transmitters of high power output. See Figure 1-1.