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本文报道14例高渗性非酮症性糖尿病昏迷。本病多见于老年,其主要诱因为感染,其他为胃肠道功能紊乱,停用胰岛素,进食过多甜食,精神刺激和用药不当。主要临床特征为神经系症状昏迷,严重脱水,重度高血糖,血浆渗透压增高。本综台征易于误诊,本组死亡率高达64.3％。治疗上补液要足量,一部分补液须用0.45％低渗盐水,胰岛素剂量宜较小,补钾要充分,需密切观察,随时调整,以期提高治愈率,降低死亡率。
This article reports 14 cases of hypertonic non-ketotic diabetic coma. The disease is more common in the elderly, the main incentive for infection, the other for the gastrointestinal disorders, disable insulin, eating too much sweet food, mental stimulation and improper medication. The main clinical features of neurological symptoms coma, severe dehydration, severe hyperglycemia, increased plasma osmolality. The comprehensive syndrome easily misdiagnosed, the group mortality rate as high as 64.3%. The treatment of adequate fluid to rehydration, part of the rehydration should be used 0.45% hypotonic saline, insulin dose should be smaller, potassium should be fully observed close at any time, in order to improve the cure rate and reduce mortality.