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[目的]通过比较钩端螺旋体感染的ICR小鼠模型与豚鼠模型,分别探讨慢性非致死性感染与急性致死性钩体感染的病理及免疫应答特点。[方法]分别于小鼠和豚鼠腹股沟皮下注射致病性钩端螺旋体赖型有毒株Lai株,观察感染后不同阶段此各组织脏器的病理改变;用免疫组化法检测钩端螺旋体在各脏器中的分布;应用ELISA法检测ICR小鼠血清与豚鼠血清中抗体水平的动态变化。[结果]钩端螺旋体Lai株感染豚鼠后引发典型的钩体病病变并可致死,但在感染的ICR小鼠中仅见局限性病变,免疫组化显示小鼠组织中的钩体抗原阳性反应程度较豚鼠轻。两种动物感染后均未见明显炎症反应。二者血清中抗体IgG水平的动态变化相似。[结论]小鼠感染钩体后发病轻微呈慢性带菌状态,而豚鼠作为钩体感染敏感动物表现为急性发病且可死亡,可能与二者的天然免疫机制的差异有关。小鼠感染模型在钩体感染的天然免疫机制、致病机制研究及流行病学研究中可能发挥更多作用。两种动物模型可互补共同用于钩体感染的相关研究中。
[Objective] To investigate the pathological and immune response characteristics of chronic non-fatal infection and acute lethal leptospira infection by comparing the ICR mouse model infected with Leptospira and guinea pig model. [Method] The pathogenic Leptospira interrogans strain Lai strain was injected subcutaneously in the groin of guinea pigs and guinea pigs, respectively. The pathological changes of the organs were observed at different stages after infection. The leptospira were detected by immunohistochemistry The distribution of the antibody in the organs was detected by ELISA. The serum levels of ICR and guinea pig serum were detected by ELISA. [Results] The Lai strains infected with Leptospira strain could induce typical leptospirosis and could be fatal. However, only a limited number of lesions were found in the infected ICR mice. Immunohistochemistry showed that the level of leptospiral antigen in mice tissues was positive Lighter than guinea pigs No significant inflammation was observed in both animals after infection. The serum levels of antibody IgG in the serum were similar. [Conclusion] The mice infected with leptospirosis have a slightly chronic infection status, while the guinea pigs infected with leptospirosis have acute onset and can die, which may be related to the difference of their natural immune mechanisms. Mouse model of infection may play more roles in innate immune mechanism of leptospiral infection, pathogenic mechanism and epidemiological study. Two kinds of animal models can complement each other for the study of leptospirosis infection.