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在塔里木盆地下古生界含油气系统中,塔中4石炭系油藏成藏过程具有代表性。对该油藏原油的分子以及碳同位素地球化学特征进行了系统解剖,结合区域地质演化特征和烃类成藏过程中储集层沥青、包裹体的记录,对其成藏过程重新进行了评价。研究揭示塔中地区存在两类烃源灶的分布,分别为中、上奥陶统烃源灶和中、下寒武统烃源灶,它们在不同地质历史时期的复合供烃造就了塔中4石炭系油藏;其中CⅠ油组属于原生性一次充注成藏,油源单一,后期几乎没有遭受任何地球化学作用的改造;CⅢ属于典型多源、多期充注、后期改造型油气藏,经历了较多的地球化学改造作用;CⅡ油藏与CⅢ油藏关系密切,部分油气为CⅢ油藏调整、改造的产物。
In the Lower Paleozoic petroleum system in the Tarim Basin, the process of hydrocarbon accumulation in the Tazhong 4 Carboniferous reservoir is representative. The molecular and carbon isotope geochemical characteristics of crude oil in this reservoir were systematically dissected. Based on the regional geological evolution characteristics and the records of reservoir bitumen and fluid inclusions in hydrocarbon accumulation, the hydrocarbon accumulation process was re-evaluated. The study reveals that there are two types of source stoves distributed in the middle part of Tarzan area, namely the middle and upper Ordovician source stoves and the middle and lower Cambrian source stoves, respectively. 4 Carboniferous reservoirs. Among them, the CⅠ oil group belongs to the primary primary filling and reservoir formation with a single oil source and has been hardly altered by any geochemical effect in the later stage. CⅢ belongs to the typical multi-source and multi-period filling and late-reformed reservoirs , Experienced more geochemical alteration; CⅡ reservoir is closely related to CⅢ reservoir, and some of the oil and gas are products adjusted and reformed by CⅢ reservoir.