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在人工控制试验条件下，采用二次通用旋转组合设计，对影响冬小麦产量的Ｎ、Ｐ和水三因素的综合效应进行了研究。结果表明，水肥配合存在阈值反应，这个阈值是：Ｎ９０～２４０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，Ｐ２Ｏ５５６．２５～２２１．２５ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，灌溉定额１５００～３７５０ｍ３／ｈｍ２。低于阈值下限水平，Ｎ、Ｐ无明显增产效应，水分利用效率（ＷＵＥ，ｗａｔｅｒｕｓｅｅｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙ）低；高于阈值上限，水肥互作效应呈减小趋势；在阈值范围内，水肥互作增产效应显著。增加Ｎ、Ｐ投入和适宜限量供水是提高水份利用效率的重要途径。通过对所建数学模型的计算机模拟，提出了不同决策目标和水文年型的水肥优化方案。
Under the artificial control test conditions, the composite effect of three factors of N, P and water, which affect the winter wheat yield, was studied by the quadratic universal rotation combination design. The results show that there is a threshold reaction between water and fertilizer, the threshold is: N90 ~ 240kg / hm2, P2O556.25 ~ 221.25kg / hm2, irrigation quota 1500 ~ 3750m3 / hm2. Below the lower threshold level, N and P had no significant increase in yield and low water use efficiency (WUE). Above the upper threshold, the interaction effect between water and fertilizer tended to decrease. Within the threshold range, the interaction between water and fertilizer increased significantly. Increasing N, P input and suitable limited water supply are important ways to improve water use efficiency. Through the computer simulation of the mathematical model built, a water and fertilizer optimization scheme with different decision goals and hydrological years is put forward.