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人类白细胞抗原G(HLA-G)属非经典的HLAⅠ类分子,具有低度多态性和限制性分布的特点,其初级转录本经选择性剪切可以产生膜结合型和可溶性型等7种蛋白质亚型;HLA-G可以与自然杀伤(NK)细胞表面特异性受体结合,抑制NK细胞的杀伤活性,通过多种机制同T淋巴细胞作用,抑制CD4+T淋巴细胞增殖,引起CD8+T淋巴细胞凋亡。因此,目前认为HLA-G在多种母胎免疫耐受机制中发挥重要作用。
Human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) is a non-classical HLA class I molecule with low degree of polymorphism and limited distribution. Primary transcripts can be selectively cleaved to produce 7 kinds of membrane-bound and soluble forms Protein subtypes. HLA-G binds to specific NK cell surface receptors and inhibits the cytotoxicity of NK cells. Through various mechanisms, HLA-G can inhibit the proliferation of CD4 + T lymphocytes and cause CD8 + T lymphocyte apoptosis. Therefore, it is presently believed that HLA-G plays an important role in the mechanism of immune tolerance of many maternal fetuses.