水文是一门了解和研究自然界水的情况和规律的学科。早在大禹治水时就进行了洪水调查和水文观测,成为最早开创应用水文知识取得治水成功的先例。历代也都把治水当成治国安邦的重要措施,而掌握雨、水情又是治水的基本工作。建国以后,党把水文工作提到水利水电建设的尖兵位置上,并誉为防汛抗旱的耳目和参谋,使我国的水文事业得到了飞跃的发展,并在减轻、免除水旱灾害以及水利水电建设中作出了贡献。但是,随着国民经济建设 Hydrology is a discipline that understands and studies the conditions and laws of water in nature. As early as Dayu flood control when carried out flood investigation and hydrological observations, as the earliest application of hydrological knowledge to create a precedent for flood control. In ancient times, flood control was also regarded as an important measure to govern the country and the security of the country. To grasp the rain and water conditions was also the basic work for water control. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Party referred hydrological work to the vanguard position of water conservancy and hydropower construction and was praised as the eye-catching and staff of flood control and drought relief so that the hydrological undertaking of our country has made leaps and bounds. In the process of mitigating flood and drought disasters and building water conservancy and hydropower Made a contribution. However, with the national economic construction