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自修复材料作为一种拥有结构上自愈合能力的智能材料近年来得到了快速发展。具备自修复性能的聚合物材料主要包括外援型和本征型。由于本征型自修复聚合物材料具有潜在的自修复能力,且能实现多次修复,所以该领域对于本征型自修复聚合物材料的关注越来越多。由氢键、π-π堆积、疏水作用、离子作用和主客体作用等非共价键力形成的本征型自修复聚合物体系不需要或需要极少外界能量就能实现快速、高效修复。这将是实现节约能源,社会可持续发展的重要途径。本文以不同类型的非共价键为线索,综述了近年来基于非共价键的本征型自修复聚合物材料的发展及其应用,并展望了其未来的发展方向。
Self-healing materials as a self-healing structural self-healing smart materials in recent years has been rapid development. Self-healing polymer materials include foreign aid type and intrinsic type. Since intrinsic self-healing polymeric materials have potential self-healing capabilities and enable multiple repairs, there is an increasing interest in the field of intrinsic self-healing polymeric materials. Intrinsic self-healing polymer systems formed by non-covalent bonds such as hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, hydrophobic interactions, ionic interactions and host-guest interactions can be quickly and efficiently repaired without or with minimal external energy. This will be an important way to achieve energy conservation and sustainable social development. In this paper, different types of non-covalent bonds as clues, the development and application of the intrinsic self-healing polymer materials based on non-covalent bonds in recent years are reviewed, and the future development of the polymer materials is also discussed.