治明史者,一般都根据《明实录》、清政府官修的《明史》、清入关前的史料以及某些野史笔记。但是,《明实录》主要记录的是各朝皇帝的言行,很多重要的史实并不记录;清人修的《明史》,对女真是中国的臣属、女真侵扰、掳掠中国、朝鲜的事实讳莫如深;清入关前的史料,以个人见闻为根据,也有相当的片面性。所 Historians of the Ming Dynasty are generally based on “Ming Dynasty Record”, “Ming Dynasty” by the Qing Government, Qing Dynasty before the clearance of historical materials and some notes of the history of the Wild. However, “Ming Dynasty Record” mainly records the words and deeds of the emperor of each dynasty. Many important historical facts are not recorded. The “Ming History” of the Qing Dynasty is not closely related to the fact that Jurchen is a vassal of China, the intrusiveness of Jurchen and the capture of China and North Korea Prior to the clearance of the historical data, based on personal knowledge, there is also considerable one-sidedness. The