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目的进行受控生态生命保障系统(controlled ecological life support system,CELSS)氧气流动及废弃物发酵处理研究,解决载人航天工程技术发展中生命保障问题。方法以“人-红萍-鱼”CELSS的氧气流动为着眼点,详细分析了CELSS氧气生产与供应能力,得出氧气盈缺平衡能力。结果在剥离生物可降解废物氧化降解需氧量的情况下,栽培面积50.4 m~2的红萍,可满足2人及100 kg鱼三者共生的CELSS氧气需求。结论发酵型生化反应器与红萍养殖循环系统有机耦合的废弃物发酵处理装置,是降解废弃物、优化系统耗氧、提高物质循环闭合度的一个有效途径。
Aim To study the oxygen flow and waste fermentation process of controlled ecological life support system (CELSS) and to solve the problem of life support in the development of manned space engineering technology. Methods Taking the oxygen flow of CELLSS as the focus, the author analyzed the oxygen production and supply ability of CELSS in detail, and obtained the ability of oxygen surplus and deficit balance. Results Under the condition of stripping the biodegradable waste to oxidize and degrade the oxygen demand, Rhodiola that cultivated area of 50.4 m ~ 2 could meet the demand of CELSS oxygen of the symbiosis of two persons and 100 kg fish. Conclusion Fermentation bioreactor and red duckweed circulatory system organic coupling of waste fermentation treatment device is an effective way to degradation of waste, optimize the system of oxygen consumption and improve material recycling closure.