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庆大霉囊（ＧＭ）引起的肾损害，光镜检查主要表现为近端肾小管上皮细胞（ＴＥＣ）肿胀，细胞质空泡变性，较少出现肾小管坏死，但ＴＥＣ粘附性发生变化．表现为ＴＥＣ沿肾小管基膜（ＴＢＭ）剥脱。为此，我们采用免疫组化方法检测大鼠ＧＭ肾损害时，ＴＥＣ基质成分的变化．并探讨人参皂甙（ＧＳ）的预防作用。实验大鼠设ＧＭ肾损害组、正常组和ＧＳ预防组。结果表明，ＧＭ肾损害时，ＴＥＣ分泌层粘蛋白、纤维连接蛋白和Ⅳ型胶原增多，而且与肾损害程度有关。ＧＳ能减轻ＴＥＣ的基质分泌。
In the light microscope, swelling of the proximal tubular epithelial cells (TEC), degeneration of the cytoplasm vacuoles and tubular necrosis were less observed, but changes of the adhesion of the TECs were observed. The performance of TEC along the tubular basement membrane (TBM) exfoliation. To this end, we used immunohistochemical detection of GM kidney damage in rats, TEC matrix composition changes. And to explore the preventive effect of ginsenosides (GS). The rats in experimental group were given GM kidney injury group, normal group and GS prevention group. The results showed that, when GM is damaged, the secretion of mucin, fibronectin and type Ⅳ collagen in TEC increased, which was also related to the degree of renal damage. GS can reduce the matrix secretion of TEC.