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目的了解上岗前的职业健康检查对拟从事噪声作业人员的意义,为企业用工及职业病防治工作的开展提供依据。方法根据卫生部令第23号和《职业健康监护管理办法》和GBZ 188-2014《职业健康监护技术规范》,对2014年度沈阳市某汽车制造企业1 227名拟从事噪声作业人员上岗前职业健康检查结果进行分析。结果在所有受检对象中共检出职业禁忌证28人,检出率为2.28%。其中单耳感音神经性耳聋6人,检出率0.49%;双耳感音神经性耳聋3人,检出率0.24%;双耳高频平均听阈≥40 d B的16人,检出率1.30%;中度以上传导性耳聋3人,检出率0.24%。结论开展噪声作业人员上岗前的职业健康检查对有效预防职业病的发生具有重要意义。
Objective To understand the significance of pre-employment occupational health examination on noise-impaired workers and to provide evidences for the employment of workers and prevention of occupational diseases. Methods According to Order No. 23 of Ministry of Health and Occupational Health Monitoring and Management Regulations and GBZ 188-2014 Occupational Health Monitoring Technical Code, 1 227 employees of an automobile manufacturer in Shenyang city were enrolled in pre-employment occupational health Check the results for analysis. Results A total of 28 occupational contraindications were detected in all subjects, with a detection rate of 2.28%. Among them, 6 were single-ear sensorineural hearing loss, with a detection rate of 0.49%; 3 were bilateral sensorineural deafness with a detection rate of 0.24%; 16 were high-frequency average hearing thresholds ≥40 d B in both ears, 1.30%; 3 people with moderate or more deafness, the detection rate was 0.24%. Conclusion It is of great significance to carry out the occupational health examination before the job of noise workers is started to prevent occupational diseases effectively.