苏南地区由于田少人多,口粮、饲料紧缺是长期存在的矛盾,加上种植制度以麦(油)稻两熟制为主,作物种类过于单一,农、牧、土、肥的关系不够协调.因此,必须从优化种植业结构入手,促进食物资源、土地资源充分合理的开发利用,使苏南种植业由原来一元结构(或二元结构)逐步向粮食作物、经济作物、饲料作物和绿肥的四元结构转变,以利于提高苏南农业的整体水平,达到优质、低耗、高产、增效的目的,同时通过优化种植结构,合理调整作物种类,达到轮作改土、增肥改土,提高农业生态效益,实现苏南农业持续协调发展的目的.为此,我们于1991年在全市11个单位组织15个示范种植点,开展了粮经饲、粮经肥、粮经、粮肥等多元种植制度及其主要栽培技术的研究,并在太湖地区农科所进行各种种植方式的小区定位试验,调查测定了各季作物的干物质及氮、磷、钾养分吸收动态、土壤性状及投入与产出等项目,深入研究多元复合种植制度在太湖地区的社会、经济、生态适应性和功能.一、多元复合种植结构产量经济效益和生态适 In southern Jiangsu, there are long-standing contradictions due to the shortage of land, rations, and feed shortages. In addition, the cropping system is dominated by double cropping of wheat (oil) rice, the crops are too single, and the relationship between agriculture, animal husbandry, soil and fertilizer is not enough Therefore, it is necessary to start with optimizing the structure of planting industry and promote the full and reasonable development and utilization of food resources and land resources, so that the original unitary structure (or dual structure) of the plantation in southern Jiangsu will gradually be used for food crops, cash crops, fodder crops and The transformation of quaternary structure of green manure helps to improve the overall level of agriculture in southern Jiangsu, and achieves the goal of high quality, low consumption, high yield and efficiency. At the same time, by optimizing planting structure and adjusting crop varieties reasonably, So as to enhance the agricultural ecological benefits and achieve the goal of sustainable and coordinated development of agriculture in southern Jiangsu.Therefore, in 1991, we organized 15 demonstration planting sites in 11 units in the city to carry out grain and animal feeding, grain and fertilizer, food and grain, And other multi-cropping system and its main cultivation techniques, and in the Taihu Lake Area Agricultural Institute of various planting methods of cell location test, the survey determined the dry matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium Income dynamics, soil properties, and input and output and other projects, in-depth study of the social, economic, ecological adaptability and multi-functional complex cropping system in Taihu Lake region. First, the economic output of multiple composite planting structure and ecological fitness