论文部分内容阅读
我国秸秆资源量大、分布面广、种类繁多,有肥料化、饲料化、基料化、燃料化、原料化等5种利用方式。总体上看,现有的秸秆利用方式技术含量不高、附加值低,部分成熟的技术有待推广;未被有效利用的秸秆仍占一定比重,秸秆焚烧现象时有发生,成为大气污染的重要源头。虽然国家和许多地方政府针对秸秆综合利用出台了税收减免、财政补贴、项目支持等一系列扶持政策,秸秆利用初见成效,但是仍然存在对秸秆综合利用的认识误区,利用重点不突出;缺乏系统设计,政策难以形成合力;秸秆收储运体系不畅;核心技术不成熟,已有技术有待推广等问题。因此,需要正确定位秸秆资源,引导秸秆综合利用的发展方向;统筹规划,构建长效机制,加大秸秆工业化利用的政策支持力度;健全秸秆收储运体系;强化科技创新支持,提高秸秆利用规模化、工业化和环保水平。
China has a large amount of straw resources, a wide range of distribution, a wide range, with fertilizer, feed, base materialization, fueling, raw materialization and other five kinds of use. In general, existing straw utilization methods are not high in technology, with low added value and some mature technologies to be popularized. Straws that have not been effectively utilized still account for a certain proportion, and straw burning incidents have occurred from time to time, becoming an important source of air pollution . Although the state and many local governments implemented a series of supportive policies such as tax relief, financial subsidies and project support for the comprehensive utilization of straw, utilization of straw has achieved initial success. However, there are still misunderstandings about the comprehensive utilization of straw, and the emphasis on utilization is not prominent. The lack of systematic Design, policy is difficult to form a concerted effort; straw storage and transportation system is sluggish; the core technology is immature, there are technologies to be promoted and other issues. Therefore, it is necessary to correctly locate the straw resources and guide the development of comprehensive utilization of straw. To make overall plans and establish a long-term mechanism to intensify the policy support for the industrialized utilization of straw; to improve the straw storage and transportation system; to strengthen scientific and technological innovation support and to increase the utilization scale of straw Industrialization and Environmental Protection.