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通过数值模拟和高炉实际生产研究相结合的方法,对炉喉钢砖的应力分布及破坏机理进行了研究。结果表明,炉喉钢砖破坏的原因主要是高温温差,即由较大温度梯度和安装方式导致的应力集中。在实际应用过程中,炉喉钢砖上下部温差较大,如安装方式不合理,会产生较大的热应力,使其上翘、变形、剥落。通过实际考察破损的炉喉钢砖,证实了数值模拟结果与实际情况吻合,证实炉喉钢砖设计上存在缺陷。在炉喉钢砖的铸造过程中,应对其设计参数作进一步调整、优化,也证实了带水冷的炉喉钢砖的合理性和必要性。
Through the combination of numerical simulation and blast furnace actual production research, the stress distribution and failure mechanism of the furnace throat steel brick are studied. The results show that the main reason for the destruction of the throat steel brick is the high temperature and temperature difference, that is, the stress concentration caused by the larger temperature gradient and the installation method. In practical application, the temperature difference between the upper and the lower part of the furnace throat steel brick is larger. If the installation method is not reasonable, it will generate large thermal stress, causing it to warp, deform and peel off. Through the actual inspection of the damaged throat steel brick, it is confirmed that the numerical simulation results are consistent with the actual situation, which confirms that the design of the throat steel brick is flawed. In the process of casting of throat steel brick, its design parameters should be further adjusted and optimized, which also confirmed the rationality and necessity of water-cooled throat steel brick.