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本文着重讨论现代汉语中两种带保留宾语的“把”字句:(i)我把橘子剥了皮;(ii)我把水浇了花。这两种看似相同的保留宾语句在语义关系和内、外宾语的成分提取方面表现却极为不同。本文认为这两种保留宾语句分属两种不同的施用结构,它们在上述方面表现出的差异与它们不同的句法结构密切相关。两种施用结构的引入不仅解释了上述句式在成分提取方面存在的差别,还解释了两种保留宾语句中存在的其他一系列不对称现象,同时证明汉语保留宾语句并非汉语独有的语法现象。
This article focuses on two “+” words with reserved objects in modern Chinese: (i) I peeled oranges; and (ii) I poured water. The two seemingly identical reserved guest sentences perform very differently in semantic relations and component extraction of foreign and domestic objects. In this paper, we consider that these two kinds of retentive guest sentences belong to two different application structures, and their differences in the above aspects are closely related to their different syntactic structures. The introduction of the two application structures not only explained the differences in the pattern extraction of the above sentences, but also explained a series of other asymmetric phenomena existing in the two reserved guest sentences. At the same time, it proved that the Chinese reserved guest sentence is not unique to Chinese phenomenon.